Entre a casa e a rua: contradições entre a política habitacional e a garantia do direito à moradia da população em situação de rua- uma análise a partir da ótica da formação sócio-histórica brasileira

Abstract

This Final Course Project aims to discuss the limitations of housing policy in guaranteeing the right to housing for the homeless population, understanding this phenomenon as an expression of the structural inequalities inherent in capitalist society. It is based on the understanding that homelessness is not the result of individual choices, but of historical, social, and economic processes related to Brazilian social formation, land issues, and transformations in the world of work. The research adopts a qualitative approach, of a bibliographic and documentary nature, based on authors who discuss the constitution of relative overpopulation and expressions of the social issue, as well as on the analysis of official documents, legislation, and institutional data, with emphasis on the National Plan for Visible Streets and the Census and Diagnosis of the Adult Homeless Population in Juiz de Fora, conducted in 2022. The data analyzed show the significant growth of this population, mostly composed of black and brown men of working age, revealing the persistence of structural inequalities. It is observed that, although the right to housing is constitutionally guaranteed, housing policy is insufficient, fragmented, and unable to respond to the multiple determinants that affect the reality of the homeless population. It can be concluded that the inefficiency of this policy reflects the limits of the State in enforcing social rights, reaffirming the need for integrated public policies committed to overcoming social inequalities.