Lavagem de dinheiro e casas de apostas esportivas online: vulnerabilidades do setor e desdobramentos da Lei nº 14.790/2023

Abstract

This paper analyzes the phenomenon of the expansion of online sports betting in Brazil, highlighting the sector's vulnerability to the practice of money laundering, potentiated by a prolonged regulatory vacuum. The main objective is to demonstrate the mechanisms by which online sports betting platforms are used for money laundering and, secondly, to identify the potential effectiveness of the new legal framework, established by Law No. 14.790/2023, in preventing and combating these illicit activities. The research was developed through a bibliographic review and documentary analysis of legislation, criminal law doctrine, and reports from specialized agencies. The investigation covers the historical trajectory of gambling in the country and examines the dogmatic structure of money laundering, demonstrating how its stages are materialized through betting platforms. The analysis of Law No. 14.790/2023 and its complementary ordinances revealed the creation of a robust normative framework, which implements essential mechanisms such as mandatory customer identification, transaction monitoring, the reporting of suspicious transactions to COAF, and the restriction on high-risk payment methods. It is concluded that, although its practical application is incipient, the new legislation represents a significant and technically structured advance for the protection of the integrity of the national financial system.