Parâmetros cardiovasculares clínicos e ambulatoriais de idosos hipertensos: comparação entre os efeitos de diferentes modalidades de treinamento resistido

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of resistance training prepared based on the recommendations of the Brazilian Guidelines for Arterial Hypertension and resistance training with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) on clinical and ambulatory cardiovascular variables of elderly hypertensive subjects. The sample consisted of 27 medicated hypertensive elderly subjects, randomly assigned to two experimental groups: Without BFR (N=14; 66.5 ± 1.4 years; 50.0% women) and With BFR (N=13; 68.5 ± 1.6 years; 69.2% women). Both groups underwent a 10-week intervention period, consisting of two resistance training sessions per week. During the intervention period, the resistance training sessions included four exercises (Elbow Extension, Elbow Flexion, Knee Extension, and Knee Flexion) performed unilaterally, with three sets to moderate fatigue (subjective reduction in movement speed), maintaining a 90- second rest interval between sets. The Without BFR group performed resistance training at an intensity of 50% of 1RM. The With BFR group performed resistance training at an intensity of 30% of 1RM, with cuffs inflated to 70% of the total blood flow occlusion pressure corresponding to each limb (upper and lower, right and left). Before and after the intervention period, volunteers underwent blood pressure and heart rate assessments under clinical conditions (seated at rest) and ambulatory conditions (over 24 hours). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Compared to pre-intervention values, neither type of resistance training induced changes in clinical or ambulatory cardiovascular variables (P>0.05). No significant differences were observed between the clinical and ambulatory cardiovascular variables measured in the two experimental groups (P>0.05). It is concluded that neither type of intervention promoted changes in clinical or ambulatory cardiovascular parameters, indicating no difference between the effects of resistance training prepared based on the recommendations of the Brazilian Guidelines for Arterial Hypertension and resistance training with BFR in elderly hypertensive subjects.