Análise dos aspectos do tratamento endodôntico e do perfil dos usuários da atenção secundária em Endodontia de um centro de especialidades odontológicas (CEO) – um estudo retrospectivo

Abstract

The present study evaluated a Dental Specialty Center (CEO) in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, focusing on Endodontics, by correlating variables inherent to the user profile and endodontic treatment aspects. To this end, 300 dental records were evaluated from January 2018 to May 2025. The collected variables included: sex, presence or absence of comorbidities, age group, presence of referral and counter-referral forms, number and group of teeth to be treated, type of instrumentation used, number of sessions, and type of restorative technique. As exclusion criteria, records of patients who interrupted endodontic treatment, as well as treatments of incomplete root formation, trauma, longitudinal fractures, and deciduous teeth, were preliminarily discarded from the sample. Results were analyzed descriptively using the BioEstat 5.0 software. Categorical data were evaluated by frequency. Data were submitted to normality assessment (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test), and comparisons were made according to data distribution and variable type (Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests) with a significance level of 5%. A predominance of female patients (63%) and absence of comorbidities (67%) was observed, and 88% presented with a referral form. A higher frequency of single-tooth treatment per patient (54%) was verified, with molars being the most affected (44%). Multiple sessions were the most employed approach (92%), along with the mechanized technique (79%). Of the treated teeth, 69.3% received an indication for indirect restoration. Adults presented a higher number of endodontic treatments compared to children (p = 0.009, Mann-Whitney test). Adults and the elderly were predominantly treated with rotary instrumentation, while children were treated exclusively with rotary instrumentation (Chi-square test, p < 0.013). There was a predominance of female patients, adults, without comorbidities, and with referral forms. Treatments of molars, in multiple sessions, with mechanized instrumentation and indication of indirect restorations predominated, highlighting the complexity of cases and the need to strengthen the comprehensiveness of care within the Unified Health System (SUS).