Metodologia camponês a camponês: alternativa de transição agroecológica em assentamentos da reforma agrária na zona da mata mineira

Abstract

The work addresses the consequences of the current capitalist model of production in agriculture and the possible alternatives to enable the agroecological transition in settlements and camps of the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) in the Zona da Mata (ZM) of Minas Gerais, through the Peasant to Peasant Methodology (MCaC), which uses agroecology as the basis for its method. The research is based on a theoretical deepening to understand the contradictions of dependent capitalism in Brazil, as well as the impacts of the conservative modernization of agriculture, especially with the Green Revolution packages. In addition, the period of the Corporate-Military Dictatorship and its influence on Brazilian agriculture, the process of redemocratization and the emergence of social movements of rural workers and the influence of transnational corporations on the diet of the Brazilian population are investigated. The study highlights the CaC Methodology as an alternative to guarantee food sovereignty and security, using as an example its development in Cuba, in addition to problematizing the contradiction of Brazil as one of the largest producers of agricultural commodities, but which still has high rates of food insecurity. In addition, the analysis is based on the experience of the Extension Project in interface with the CaC Methodology Research linked to the MST of ZM, promoting agroecological practices and the autonomy of the subjects involved in its production process. The research uses the historical-dialectical materialist method as a method, with bibliographic review and participant observation, seeking to highlight peasant experiences with agroecology in the tension of agribusiness hegemony, with the objective of building food sovereignty.