Desenvolvimento de nanoemulsão cosmética contendo óleo de semente de romã empregando técnica de baixa energia

Abstract

Pomegranate seed oil (Punica granatum L.) has been investigated for its potential in cosmetic applications due to its diverse phytochemical composition. This work aimed to develop a nanoemulsion containing pomegranate seed oil for cosmetic application. The fatty acid profile of the oil was evaluated by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry. The oil analysis showed a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, a relevant characteristic for the proposed cosmetic application. The fatty acid profile of pomegranate seed oil indicated linoleic acid as the major compound. This fatty acid is widely recognized in maintaining the skin barrier, wound healing, and regulating skin pigmentation. The nanoemulsion was obtained by the low-energy Phase Inversion Composition method, stabilized by non-ionic surfactants Tween 80 and Span 80, and subjected to macroscopic analyses, centrifugation, droplet size determination, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and stability tests under different storage conditions. The developed system presented an average droplet size smaller than 20 nm, good stability throughout the storage period, and no visual alterations were observed. It is concluded that the nanoemulsion has potential for cosmetic application and can be improved or incorporated into other formulations, since the pomegranate seed oil is dispersed in a defined concentration, which facilitates its incorporation and expands the possibilities of application of the active ingredient.