Participação social no Supremo Tribunal Federal? Uma análise das audiências públicas conduzidas pelo Ministro Luiz Fux

Abstract

Public hearings held by the Supreme Federal Court have become a significant tool for informing decisions on highly complex issues with broad social impact. Regulated by Laws No. 9.868/1999 and No. 9.882/1999, these hearings allow the participation of experts, civil society representatives, and public institutions, fostering a plural and well-founded debate. This study aims to analyze the public hearings conducted by Justice Luiz Fux, highlighting their role in strengthening participatory democracy and legitimizing STF decisions. It emphasizes their capacity to enhance transparency and incorporate technical and social perspectives into constitutional adjudication. Through case studies and theoretical review, this research demonstrates that public hearings represent a significant step toward a judiciary that is more attuned to contemporary societal demands. Additionally, it discusses challenges such as the effectiveness of participation and the inclusion of minority voices in the process. Thus, it is concluded that although public hearings do not have binding authority, they constitute a crucial advancement in the dialogue between the Judiciary and Brazilian society.