Eficiência energética de edificações históricas: Análise prática de HBIM e BEM em uma edificação histórica brasileira

Abstract

The global demand for reducing CO₂ emissions highlights the role of buildings as one of the sectors with the highest energy consumption today. In this context, the adoption of processes and technologies related to Building Information Modeling (BIM) is essential to ensure agility and efficiency, both in project design and throughout the entire building lifecycle. However, a significant reduction in CO₂ emissions will only be achieved if historic buildings are included in this process. This dissertation aims to investigate the feasibility of using Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) for the energy analysis of historic buildings through the integration of HBIM and Building Energy Modeling (BEM). Through a Systematic Literature Review, the main practices, challenges, and advancements in this field were identified and later tested in a case study at the School of Architecture of UFMG, a modernist example of Brazilian architecture that has ENCE certification (National Energy Conservation Label). The research is empirical, applied in nature, with both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and is classified as exploratory in terms of its objectives. The practical steps involve HBIM modeling in Autodesk Revit software and energy simulation of the envelope from the HBIM model using EnergyPlus, initially considering the possibility of comparing the results with the existing energy efficiency certification. The challenges of interoperability between HBIM and BEM were analyzed, identifying limitations and opportunities for improving data transfer. The results indicate that HBIM modeling can provide valuable support in identifying critical aspects for heritage preservation; however, technical interoperability challenges remain in conducting energy analysis directly from HBIM. This research contributes to advancing knowledge on the application of digital technologies in the energy retrofit of heritage buildings, highlighting both the potential and the existing challenges for more effective and sustainable interventions that reconcile architectural preservation with energy efficiency.