Autoeficácia percebida e fatores associados em atletas e praticantes de ginástica

Abstract

Self-efficacy is considered a psychological component and may play a supportive role in the teaching-learning process. Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to identify the level of perceived self-efficacy among athletes and practitioners of different gymnastic disciplines and to associate it with other psychological aspects. This work is characterized by a sequential mixed-methods approach. The first phase was qualitative and consisted of a bibliographic review conducted through a systematic literature review. The second phase was quantitative and involved data collection from female athletes and practitioners of various gymnastic modalities. Data were obtained regarding sociodemographic profile, perceived self-efficacy, body dissatisfaction and checking, risk behaviors for the development of eating disorders, and sports performance. The results of the present research are presented as individual studies, organized according to each stage of the research process. The first study presents the systematic review entitled: "The Relationship Between Competitive Performance and Perceived Self-Efficacy in Athletes and Practitioners of Aesthetic Sports: A Systematic Review" (STUDY 1). The objective of this study was to identify research in the literature that relates perceived self-efficacy in athletes and practitioners of aesthetic sports to athletic performance. It was possible to identify that perceived self-efficacy is related to performance in various ways. The reviewed articles were categorized according to whether they reported a positive, negative, or mixed relationship between selfefficacy and performance, as well as other performance-related categories. The second study presents the results of the quantitative research, which investigated how perceived self-efficacy in athletes and gymnastic practitioners relates to associated factors, and is entitled: "The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Associated Factors in Gymnastics Athletes and Practitioners" (STUDY 2). The results indicated that the EAT (oral self-control) was the most important predictor for the study’s outcome, followed by SATAQ (social comparison), EICCE (weight satisfaction), and finally EICCE (body checking), which was marginally significant. It is concluded that body satisfaction, body checking, social comparison, and oral self-control show significant associations with perceived self-efficacy and psychological aspects among athletes from various gymnastic disciplines.